美国老师就如何说流利英语给出5条建议

5 Speaking Rules you need to know!

1. Don’t study grammar 不要学习语法

This rule might sound strange to many ESL students, but it is one of the most important rules. If you want to pass examinations, then study grammar. However, if you want to become fluent in English, then you should try to learn English without studying the grammar.

Studying grammar will only slow you down and confuse you. （学习语法将影响第二外语的习得 速度）You will think about the rules when creating sentences instead of naturally saying a sentence like a native. Remember that only a small fraction of English speakers know more than 20% of all the grammar rules. Many ESL students know more grammar than native speakers. I can confidently say this with experience. I am a native English speaker, majored in English Literature, and have been teaching English for more than 10 years. However, many of my students know more details about English grammar than I do. I can easily look up the definition and apply it, but I don’t know it off the top of my head.

I often ask my native English friends some grammar questions, and only a few of them know the correct answer. However, they are fluent in English and can read, speak, listen, and communicate effectively.（很多母语为英语的人，都不了解 语法为何。但是他们可以非常流利的运用英文。）

Do you want to be able to recite the definition of a causative verb, or do you want to be able to speak English fluently?

2. Learn and study phrases 用学习短语代替学习词汇

Many students learn vocabulary and try to put many words together to create a proper sentence. It amazes me how many words some of my students know, but they cannot create a proper sentence. The reason is because they didn’t study phrases. When children learn a language, they learn both words and phrases together. Likewise, you need to study and learn phrases. 认识单词，不会用等于没学，所以学习短语并加以运用，来保证 准确率.

If you know 1000 words, you might not be able to say one correct sentence. But if you know 1 phrase, you can make hundreds of correct sentences. If you know 100 phrases, you will be surprised at how many correct sentences you will be able to say. Finally, when you know only a 1000 phrases, you will be almost a fluent English speaker.

So don’t spend hours and hours learning many different words. Use that time to study phrases instead and you will be closer to English fluency.

Don’t translate 不要翻译

When you want to create an English sentence, do not translate the words from your Mother tongue. The order of words is probably completely different and you will be both slow and incorrect by doing this. Instead, learn phrases and sentences so you don’t have to think about the words you are saying. It should be automatic. 学会英文的思维方式、组织句子的结构。如果先想中文，在翻 译成英文，将影响速度，故直接用英语方式来思考。

Another problem with translating is that you will be trying to incorporate grammar rules that you have learned. Translating and thinking about the grammar to create English sentences is incorrect and should be avoided.

3. Reading and Listening is NOT enough. Practice Speaking what you hear! 仅仅练习听力和阅读是不够的，不断重复你所听到的英文。

Reading, listening, and speaking are the most important aspects of any language. The same is true for English. However, speaking is the only requirement to be fluent. It is normal for babies and children to learn speaking first, become fluent, then start reading, then writing. So the natural order is listening, speaking, reading, then writing. 作者主张，二语习得的顺序为： 听、说、读、写。但是，往往教学中的顺序为：读、听、说、写。
First Problem

Isn’t it strange that schools across the world teach reading first, then writing, then listening, and finally speaking? Although it is different, the main reason is because when you learn a second language, you need to read material to understand and learn it. So even though the natural order is listening, speaking, reading, then writing, the order for ESL students is reading, listening, speaking, then writing.
Second Problem

The reason many people can read and listen is because that’s all they practice. But in order to speak English fluently, you need to practice speaking. Don’t stop at the listening portion, and when you study, don’t just listen. Speak out loud the material you are listening to and practice what you hear. Practice speaking out loud until your mouth and brain can do it without any effort. By doing so, you will be able to speak English fluently.

4. Submerge yourself 语言环境

Being able to speak a language is not related to how smart you are. Anyone can learn how to speak any language. This is a proven fact by everyone in the world. Everyone can speak at least one language. Whether you are intelligent, or lacking some brain power, you are able to speak one language. 作者认为：学习语言的能力，是人类与生俱来的能力，与智力无关。

This was achieved by being around that language at all times. In your country, you hear and speak your language constantly. You will notice that many people who are good English speakers are the ones who studied in an English speaking school. They can speak English not because they went to an English speaking school, but because they had an environment where they can be around English speaking people constantly. 学习语言要把自己放在置身于语言环境中。未必一定要出国才能 学好，比如可以用ipod、电视节目等等，创造语言环境。

There are also some people who study abroad and learn very little. That is because they went to an English speaking school, but found friends from their own country and didn’t practice English.

You don’t have to go anywhere to become a fluent English speaker. You only need to surround yourself with English. You can do this by making rules with your existing friends that you will only speak English. You can also carry around an iPod and constantly listen to English sentences. As you can see, you can achieve results by changing what your surroundings are. Submerge yourself in English and you will learn several times faster.

5. Study correct material 谨慎选择学习材料

A common phrase that is incorrect is, “Practice makes perfect.” This is far from the truth. Practice only makes what you are practicing permanent. If you practice the incorrect sentence, you will have perfected saying the sentence incorrectly. Therefore, it is important that you study material that is commonly used by most people.

Another problem I see is that many students study the news. However, the language they speak is more formal and the content they use is more political and not used in regular life. It is important to understand what they are saying, but this is more of an advanced lesson that should be studied after learning the fundamental basics of English. 学习报纸、听新闻未 必是好方法，因为他们的专业性太强，生活英语很少用到。

Studying English with a friend who is not a native English speaker is both good and bad. You should be aware of the pro’s and con’s of speaking with a non native speaking friend. Practicing with a non native person will give you practice. You can also motivate each other and point out basic mistakes. But you might pick up bad habits from one another if you are not sure about what are correct and incorrect sentences. So use these practice times as a time period to practice the correct material you studied. Not to learn how to say a sentence. 尽量和母语为英语的人练习。

In short, study English material that you can trust, that is commonly used, and that is correct.

Top 100 best Writing Blogs

各位今后无论是想自由写作，还是想出书，或者写广告文案，或者先个人简历，申请书，PS or ………

写作都是必不可少，而且是非常，非常，非常重要的。 如何快速提高你的写作呢？

这需要使用一些写作技巧，一点点灵感以及来自他人的大量帮助，我们介绍的这些写作资源中有你需要的所有的这些内容，甚至更多。

你将从这些自由撰稿人，畅销书作者，专职作家的博客和网站中找到各种提高英文创造力写作的信息。

当然，至少应该首先培养一定的英文阅读能力，因为这些博客都是英文的。

普及型英文写作博客

这些博客针对需要进行英文写作的学生和自由撰稿人，并涉及了比较广泛的内容。

1. Writer Unboxed: 该博客涉及小说创作的创新写作及商务写作，是学习Creative Writing和Business Writing的好地方。
2. Backstory: 你想知道职业作家从哪里获得他们的创作灵感吗？在这里你可以找到需要的答案，在这里你还可以共享你自己的故事。
3. Write Anything: 这是一个关于写作的多人博客，你可以在这里发现写作挑战，灵感以及分享你的文字。
4. Inkygirl: Daily Diversions for Writers: 该博客的作者并不仅仅发表关于使用互联网来提高你的写作技能的文章，而且还经常发表一些他自己的漫画作品。
5. Women on Writing: 看看女性作家是怎样思考和写作的。
6. Cute Writing: 在这里你可以找到一些关于如何写作，如何写博，如何出版以及如何让你的工作更加有效率的文章。
7. Write to Done: 如何你很喜欢博客 Zen Habits的话，你将会认识到这个博客的价值，都是同一个作者的博客。该博客的内容侧重于如何让你用简单，有效的方式来创作更多，更好的文章。这是我最喜欢的博客之一！
8. The Urban Muse: 自由撰稿人Susan Johnston的博客，为其他作者提供技巧和花边新闻的一个博客。
9. Writing Forward: 从语法技巧到提高创造力写作的思想，该博客有许多文章都非常有帮助。
10. Writer’s Write: 这个博客是个发现与作家，书籍，以及出版业相关的信息的好地方。
11. Creative Writing Corner: 通过此博客提高你的创造力写作能力
12. Creative Writing Contests: 想挑战你的创新写作技能吗？该博客能够直接把你带入大量的写作竞赛中去。

准备出书的博客作者

下面这些博客作者通过网络或者离线写作，正期待他们的作品出版。

1. The Desperate Writer: 作者是一名美容品从业者，通过博客分享她的故事，博客建立在wordpress.com需要翻墙。
2. Incurable Disease of Writing: 作者Missy正在为创造力写作的学位努力，她在博客向读者分享他的写作经验。
3. Emerging Writers Network: 如果你刚开始你的写作生涯，到这个网站去看看，学习其他作家是如何走向成功的。
4. Ficticity: 英文小小说，写作技巧，以及一些书籍评论。
5. Authors’ Blogs: 不是一个单独的博客，一些作家的博客内容的聚合，现在正在改版，暂时不能访问。
6. Plot Monkeys: 由4个博客作者组成，谈论与他们的生活以及他们喜欢的书籍有关的内容。
7. Maternal Spark: 给喜爱写作的全职妈妈准备的博客。

已经出版过的博客作者

我们可以从这些作者那里得到建议，灵感以及动力。

1. The Orwell Diaries: George Orwell的个人日记，众多作家都熟悉的作者之一
2. Tom Conoby’s Writing Blog: 作者向读者分享了他在读书和写书过程中的思考。
3. John Baker’s Blog: John Backer向读者分享他的激情，阅读和写作的技巧。
4. The Man In Black: 年轻侦探小说作家Jason Pinter的博客。
5. Neil Gaiman’s Journal: 出版过大量书籍的知名作家，看看他是如何有效的写作。
6. Wil Wheaton in Exile: 星际旅行《Star Trar》作者的博客
7. A Writer’s Life: 喜欢电视连续剧《神探阿蒙》（Monk）吗，去看看作者的博客吧。
8. Pocket Full of Words: 小说家Holly Lisle分享她的写作经验的博客。
9. Beyond the Beyond: Bruce Sterling创作了大量的科幻小说，现在他在wired博客分享了他在科技方面的思考。
10. Contrary Brin: 作者David Brin，科学家，作家。
11. Scott Berkun: 作者是创造力思维培训老师。

提高你的写作技巧

从这些网站的文章中，你可以获得大量关于如何成为一名好作家的技巧。

1. Becoming a Writer Seriously: 通过改博客获得各种有帮助的写作建议和指导。
2. WordSwimmer: 从Bruce Black那里学习理解写作过程，作者对其他作家做的访谈将会对提高你的写作有很大帮助。
3. Time to Write: 作者Jurgen Wolff希望从各种作家的写作技巧和灵感中提取写作线索和创造力火花
4. Flogging the Quill: 学习如何有创造力的讲故事有关的写作手腕。
5. Six Sentences: 在6个句子中你能写出什么？使用你的写作经验在这个博客分享你的尝试。
6. The Writing Show: 这个网站可以帮助你获得写作灵感，并回答关于写作有关的问题。
7. Men With Pens: 如果你是一名自由职业者，或者只是因为兴趣而写作的活，在这里你可以找到一些关于如何更好的写作的文章。
8. Write a Better Novel: 如果你确定你的小说终有一天会被出版的话，这个博客提供了各种类型的信息来帮助你创作一本更好的小说，无论是什么样的主题。
9. Write Better: 涉及广泛的写作技巧，文学创作模型
10. Clear Writing with Mr. Clarity: 学习如何进行简洁的英文写作，我非常喜欢的一个网站，如果你觉得自己的词汇量小，又希望写出简洁易懂的原创文章的话，常去这里逛逛。
11. Mike’s Writing Workshop: 关于如何更好的写作和获取写作灵感的博客。
12. Kim’s Craft Blog: 学写小说，回忆录以及其他类型的文学创作，作者在剑桥成人教育中心教授写作课程。
13. Stylewriter: 简单明朗的英文写作可以让你更好的与读者沟通，stylewriter是一个专门为作家和编辑设计的编辑和写作软件，通过stylewriter software你可以创作出更有说服力，简明易懂的文章。
14. Writing Software Reviews: 这是一个评论博客，侧重于介绍和评论那些能够有效提高英文写作的软件，每年都会评选年度最佳english writing software, 通常都是一些收费的软件，不过你可以下载免费的试用版本。

语法与编辑

你或许有最好的写作创意，但是那并不以为着你就能写出又多又好的文章，下面这些网站帮助你纠正你在写作中的坏习惯，减少语法，拼写上的错误。

1. GrammarBlog: 通过语法和拼写错误的讲评来帮助你提高英语技能。
2. Evil Editor: 这个主编或许是邪恶的，但是他分享的技巧和手腕则能非常有效的帮助你精炼你的故事。
3. Blue Pencil Editing: 对于编辑和作家来说，这个博客也是一个非常好的指导资源 。
4. Editing and Proofreading Hints and Tips: 通过一些简单的技巧，提高你的编辑处理能力。
5. Headsup: the blog: 解决你在编辑中遇到的问题，学习什么该编辑什么不该编辑。
6. Grammarphobia: 为读者解答他们自己的语法和语言问题。
7. Apostrophe Abuse: 帮助你了解如何正确的使用省略符号。
8. Daily Writing Tips: 每日写作技巧，提高你的写作基础
9. ProWriting Tips: 该博客有大量的语法技巧和写作技巧，尤其对ESL来说非常有帮助，我常去这里逛，内容非常不错
10. The Engine Room: JD, 一名广告文案编辑，语言专家，帮助你正确的使用和处理文字。
11. Cheryl Norman, Grammar Cop: 如果你有一些语法方面的问题，到这里你或许可以找到答案
12. English Grammar Software: 一个英文语法软件博客，语法检查器／语法软件可以自动修复你写作中的不良语法习惯，纠正错误的语法和拼写，对于英文语法不太好，经常混淆不同语法形式的人来说，使用语法软件可以大大提高写作的质量和效率。大多数的语法软件都侧重自动纠错以及说服力写作。
13. Language Software Reviews: 如果你使用英语或者其他的外语来写作的话，这个博客对你会很有帮助。在这里你可以找到最受欢迎的外语学习软件，翻译软件，以及英文写作软件，不过都不是免费的，价格昂贵，还是自己多读多写吧。

出版相关

许多进行文学创作的学生和专业人士的最终目标就是出版他们的作品，下面这些博客可以帮助你学习作品出版相关的知识，甚至你可以自己出版作品。

1. Ask Allison: 向Allison请教关于打破出版相关的问题
2. Guide to Literary Agents: 获取在哪里以及如何寻找资深文学代理人来处理你的出版事务。
3. Questions and Quandaries: 一个作家摘要博客，回答了各种不同的出版相关的问题。
4. Writer Beware Blogs: 你可能会不顾一切地要让你的作品发表，不过一定要防止诈骗。在这个博客信息可以让你更安全。
5. Booksquare: 该博客介绍了出版业的大量信息
6. Practicing Writing: 这个博客发表了大量与提高你的作品出版机会相关的写作建议。
7. Bob Baker’s Full-Time Author Blog: 如果你想成为一名全职作家的话，这个博客有大量的资源可以帮助你让作品尽快出版。

流派聚焦

下面这些文学创作博客侧重于特殊的写作类型，比如侦探小说，爱情小说，科幻小说等。

1. Storytellers Unplugged: 多作者博客，包括作家，主编，出版商等，给你一个多样的流派后台可供学习。
2. Gibberish: 科幻小说家Jayme Lynn Blaschke在这个站点发表他的作品。
3. SF Signal: 与科幻相关的电影及书籍
4. Reading, Raving and Ranting: 如果你对历史小说有兴趣，你可以阅读Susan Higginbotham关于十四世纪英格兰的写作经验。
5. Myth and Mystery: 侦探小说题材相关的博客
6. Type M for Murder: 多作者博客，凶杀，宗教，侦探，神秘小说相关的博客
7. Crime Fiction Dossier: 罪案题材的小说博客，作者David Montgomery.
8. Jungle Red: 六个侦探小说家组成的一个博客，关于他们的写作，人生，爱情以及更多。
9. Romancing the Blog: 众多爱情小说作家参与的一个博客，内容涉及广泛

小说写作

学习如何进行小说创作的博客

1. Advanced Fiction Writing: 作者 “mad professor” ，鼓励你进行小说创作的博客
2. Writing Fiction: 关于长篇和短篇小说的写作和出版的博客，有大量活跃用户讨论。
3. Becoming a Fiction Writer: 一个梦想成为小说家的作者
4. Blog Fiction: 如果你计划把你的写作发表在互联网，这个作者可以给你一些正确的建议和技巧。
5. Angela Booth’s Writing Blog: 无论你是想写小说或者成为一名自由撰稿人，你都可以从这个博客获得有用的写作技巧。
6. Fiction Writing: The Passionate Journey: 你不会一夜成为伟大的作家，这个博客可以帮助你坚持下去，并最终获得成功。

诗词创作

下面是一些诗歌相关的博客

1. Poetry Hut Blog: 持续更新诗歌世界最新发生的事情。
2. The Best American Poetry: 学习最优秀的诗歌
3. harriet: The Poetry Foundation 诗文基金会维护这个博客。
4. Poets.org: 美国诗文学院（The American Academy of Poets）让你了解优秀的诗文
5. Poetry and Poets in Rags: 作者是个商人，同时是一名诗人
6. Poets Who Blog: 这个博客是一个优秀的诗文资源，包括写作竞赛及更多内容。